"Between January 1, 2019 and February 28, 2023 ... the IRB [Immigration Review Board] accepted 24,599 asylum claimants into Canada without questioning them."
"That means that a person from a country on the IRB's Country List can enter Canada, make a claim for asylum, and receive a positive determination in the mail, without being asked a single question."
"Some asylum seekers who present a security risk to Canada may be identified only through in-person questioning at a hearing."
"Careful questioning can reveal inconsistencies in complex or fabricated accounts. The provenance of documents can also be tested at a hearing by asking questions about them. There is no substitute for this process."
The Yousif Report, C.D. Howe Institute
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| The number of asylum claims processed by Canada rose from 6,000 in the
2010s to over 100,000 in 2024, with an 80% acceptance rate. (Image for
Representation: Wikimedia Commons) |
A surge of illegal border-crossers and asylum claimants in the years following 2017 saw Canada overwhelmed and incapable of handling the numbers adequately, leading the Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada to choose to eliminate most of its protocols of screening for unwanted potential criminals intending to enter the country. Review processes became automated as security checks were abandoned, resulting in close to 25,000 people being given refugee status when no government employee had interviewed them in person.
This situation was taking place at the very time when record numbers of foreign nationals attempted to secure Canadian residency through the asylum system. All usual controls to vet out fraudsters, human traffickers and terrorists went by the wayside. James Yousif, a former director of policy at Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, issued a report for the C.D. Howe Institute outlining the gravity of the situation and Canada's failure to halt the entry of malefactors into Canada.
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| Migrants
get into a taxi in Plattsburgh, New York, to go to the border via the
Roxham Road border crossing in Champlain, New York, on March 3, 2023. Photo by Photo by Sebastien ST-JEAN / AFP |
For the first time since the end of the Second World War, the government of Canada has been granting refugee status to individuals whose backgrounds have not been inspected. A new system known as File Review has been put in place in an effort to reduce the asylum claim backlog as expeditiously as possible, leading the Immigration Review Board to draw up a list of countries whose nationals could skip past usual screening protocols. Which meant their refugee claims were no longer scrutinized in person by investigators. Where applicants under File Review could be approved on the written claims in their asylum applications, taken on trust.
The Yousif Report included a 2024 version of the list with 24 countries listed. In fact this appears to be a short list of nations known for criminality, terrorism and state hostility, among them Russia, Afghanistan, Yemen, Venezuela, Eritrea, and North Korea. This, on the theory that failed states are likelier to produce legitimate asylum claimants. However, the reality is that Canada decided to forego its standards on the very countries replete with criminal and terrorist networks most likely to take advantage of a low-barrier asylum system.
In 2024, a Pakistani national almost completed an asylum claim when he was arrested in Quebec en route to carrying out a terrorist attack against Jews in New York city. Iran, also on the list alongside Pakistan, hasn't stopped members of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps on Canada's terrorist list, from entering Canada. The most recent data from the IRB lists 79.8 percent of all Canadian asylum claims being accepted; a dramatic increase of acceptance under the new system.
As few as 6,000 asylum claims were made in the early 2010s, when immigrant officials rejected about 40 percent. Canada now processes over 100,000 asylum claims annually, with 80 percent accepted. No peer countries boast a rate of acceptance as steep as Canada's even those similarly overwhelmed by waves of recent asylum claimants. Sweden rejects 60 percent of such claims, Ireland, 70 percent, and Germany rejects 41 percent, according to the Yousif Report.
"Negative decisions rejecting a claim of asylum require much more time and effort", the Yousif Report notes. Ironically, just as official warnings that the country was being overwhelmed by bogus refugee claims arose, acceptance rates of asylum claimants increased dramatically. While top officials in the Liberal government stated Canada was being exploited by foreign nationals abusing its asylum system, the system was accepting them.
Nigeria, placed on the File Review Country List, became a huge source of Nigerians obtaining tourist visas to the U.S., then illegally crossing into Canada, claiming asylum. Thousands of foreign students in Canada on study visas began claiming asylum when their visas approached expiry. File Review, pointed out the Yousif Report, opened Canada to infiltration by criminal gangs, terrorist networks or fraudulent migrants by setting aside in-person interviews, the single most effective method of closing off the asylum system from endangering national security.
"The Government of Canada did not develop or approve this policy. The cabinet-driven process of policy development would ordinarily act as a check against overreach and provide valuable oversight and input, but the IRB appears to have excused itself from that process, taking an expansive interpretation of its quasi-independence."
The Yousif Report
Labels: Asylum Seekers, Automatic Acceptance, Canada, Screening for Threats Abandoned, Vetting Process